阿根廷货币危机(2)

Argentina’s(阿根廷) economic woes

Like other emerging markets, Argentina is suffering from the strengthening dollar and higher American interest rates. On April 24th the yield on ten-year Treasury bonds rose above 3% for the first time since January 2014. That fuelled a sell-off, which gained fresh impetus on May 8th when Jerome Powell, chairman of the Federal Reserve, spooked investors by saying, in effect, that interest-rate policy would be set without taking much notice of the impact on emerging markets. The Turkish lira, Mexican peso and Polish zloty all fell.

1.strengthening

动词原形strength，本意为加强，在这个句子中表示走强（If a currency, economy, or industry strengthens, or if something strengthens it, it increases in value or becomes more successful. ）

举个例子：The dollar strengthened against most other currencies. 美元与大多数其它货币相比升值了。

2.Treasury bonds

[美国英语](美国财政部发行的5年期以上的)长期国库券

PS：这里补充一下美国债券分类

T-Bills 是Treasury Bills的简写，美国财政部发行的短期债券,期限不超过一年。

T-Notes 是Treasury Note的简写，美国财政部发行的中期债券,期限不超过十年。

T-Bonds 是Treasury Bonds的简写，美国财政部发行的长期债券,期限十年以上。

TIPS 是Treasury Inflation Protected Securities的简写，又叫通涨保值债券，1997年1月15日由美国财政部首次发行，规模为70亿美元。除了拥有一般国债的固定利率息票外，TIPS的面值会定期按照CPI指数加以调整，以确保投资者本金与利息的真实购买力。

STRIPS 拆开债券，又叫分割债券，中国大陆一般称为本息分离债券，是债券的一个品种。

3.fuel

名词是燃料，这里用作动词，表示使恶化；使更强烈

His words fuelled her anger still more. 他的话火上浇油，使她更愤怒了。

在gov.报告中是这样用的：Economic growth, in the past mainly driven by investment and exports, is now being fueled by consumption, investment, and exports.意思是：五年来，发展新动能迅速壮大，经济增长实现由主要依靠投资、出口拉动转向依靠消费、投资、出口协同拉动。

所以这里的fuel等同drive，是促进、刺激的意思。

4.sell-off

〔证券或股票的〕抛售the sale of a lot of stocks or shares , which makes the price decrease

5. impetus

刺激；推动(力)；促进an influence that makes something happen or makes it happen more quickly

PS：give fresh impetus to为……带来新鲜动力，to 也可以换成for，例如The report may provide further impetus for reform. 该报道可能将进一步推动改革。补充一下，在翻译时候表示（向好）促进的概念的词有：

encourage/drive/boost/goad/spur/stimulant

6.spook

名词是ghost鬼，幽灵的意思，此外还作spy间谍讲。

动词表示使...吓坏; 使...紧张 If people are spooked, something has scared them or made them nervous.

7.The Turkish lira, Mexican peso and Polish zloty

这个句子提及了几个国家的官方货币，Turkish lira是土耳其里拉；Mexican peso墨西哥比索；Polish zloty是波兰兹罗提。

But Argentina is unusually vulnerable. Inflation expectations for this year have risen to 22%, well above the central bank’s target of 15%. Investors are worried by foreign-currency (外汇)debt that has risen to 40% of GDP, up from 26% in 2015, and by large fiscal and current-account deficits. High interest rates and underdeveloped(欠发达的) capital markets mean Argentina has been unable to find the financing(融资) it needs locally and in its own currency, as some developing countries have done.

1. Inflation expectations

通货膨胀预期，是指人们已经估计到通货膨胀要来，预先打算做好准备要避免通胀给自己造成损害，然而防范通胀的措施本身就会造成资产价格的上升，即对通胀的预期本身就会加快通胀的到来。

1. squabble

动词/名词〔为琐事〕争吵，口角to argue about something unimportant

squabble with sb. over/about sth. 与某人在某事上面发生口角

近义词quarrel

2. Fracture

常见意义：[名]骨折；[动]（使）断裂；（使）折断，比方说fracture your leg摔断了腿

在这个句子中，fracture用作名词，表示因为意见分歧而产生了分裂 it divides into parts in an unfriendly way because of disagreement

比方说The opposition has been fractured by bitter disputes. 因为激烈的纠纷闹得分崩离析。

3.derail

Rail轨道，derail就是（火车）脱轨的意思。可以这样用：a train was derailed in an isolated mountain region. 一辆火车在偏远的山区脱轨。

在这个句子中是破坏，干扰〔计划、协议等〕的意思。An emboldened opposition is seeking to derail his economic reforms. 其中胆大的准备干扰经济改革方案。

4.assume

承担，接受（权利、责任）

可以加名词，如assume control/responsibility etc

开始掌管/承担责任等to start to have control, responsibility etc or to start in a particular position or job

eg：Whoever they appoint will assume responsibility for all financial matters.

PS:补充一下assume还可以用作：假装[装出]…的态度/样子/表情等，近似于put on

eg:Andy assumed an air of indifference whenever her name was mentioned. 每次提到她的名字，安迪都装出无所谓的样子。